Old Testament Commentary - Joshua 20

by Don R. Hender


Scriptural Text [& Editorial]
Commentary & Explanation
Footnotes ~ References ~ JST
                CHAPTER 20            

Six cities of refuge appointed for those guilty of manslaughter.

  1 THE LORD also spake unto Joshua, saying,
  2 Speak to the children of Israel, saying, Appoint out for you cities of arefuge, whereof I spake unto you by the hand of Moses:
  3 That the aslayer that killeth any person bunawares and unwittingly may flee thither: and they shall be your refuge from the avenger of blood.
  4 And when he that doth flee unto one of those cities shall stand at the entering of the agate of the city, and shall declare his cause in the ears of the belders of that city, they shall take him into the city unto them, and give him a place, that he may dwell among them.
  5 And if the aavenger of blood pursue after him, then they shall not deliver the slayer up into his hand; because he smote his neighbour unwittingly, and hated him not beforetime.
  6 And he shall dwell in that city, until he stand before the congregation for judgmenta, and until the death of the ahigh priest that shall be in those days: then shall the slayer return, and come unto his own city, and unto his own house, unto the city from whence he fled.
 6a until he stand before the congregation for judgment The city of refuge concept was not for a murder to escape justice and judgment. Once in the city it depended upon whether the 'avenger' did pursue him there and then with whatsoever witnesses a trial and judgment would still be held to determine ones guilt. If judged to be guilty of murder then the law would still be put into effect. And if determined not guilty then the one who sought refuge could still live in the city of refuge until such time as the high priest who judged him died. Supposedly the duration would allow tempers to calm and allow the person to return to his own house to live in peace.
  7 ¶ And they appointed Kedesh in Galilee in mount Naphtali, and Shechem in mount Ephraim, and Kirjath-arba, which is Hebron, in the mountain of Judah.
  8 And on the other side Jordan by Jericho eastward, they assigned Bezer in the wilderness upon the plain out of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in aGilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the tribe of Manasseh.
  9 These were the cities appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the astranger that bsojourneth among them, that whosoever killeth any person at unawares might flee thither, and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood, until he stood before the congregation.