Old Testament Commentary - Genesis 17

by Don R. Hender


Scriptural Text [& Editorial]
Commentary & Explanation
Footnotes ~ References ~ JST
           CHAPTER 17             

Abram commanded to be perfect—
He shall be a father of many nations—His name changed to Abraham—The Lord covenants to be a God unto Abraham and his seed for ever—Also, to give him the land of Canaan for an everlasting possession—Circumcision becomes token of everlasting covenant between God and Abraham—Sarai's name changed to Sarah—She shall bear Isaac, with whom the Lord will establish his covenant—Abraham and his house circumcised.

  1 AND when Abram was ninety years old and ninea, the LORD aappeared to bAbram, and said unto him, I am the cAlmighty God; dwalk before me, and be thou eperfect.
  2 And I will make my acovenant between me and theea, and will multiply thee exceedingly.

The Covenant 
There are three primary inter-related aspects of the covenant, which is the everlasting covenant of God.
 1a when Abram was ninety years old and nine Since the days of Adam when men lived hundreds of years, the age of man had been altered and for Abraham, similar to today, the age of 100 years old was extremely old. And though Abraham would eventually live to be 175 years old, by the age of 100 and 90, respectively for Abraham and Sarah, they both were long past the age and ability of child baring.
 2a I will make my covenant between me and thee When the Lord speaks of 'my covenant' it is 'the covenant' of the Lord from before the foundation of the world made between the Father and all the spirit children of God, made between Elohim and Jehovah, and made between Jehovah and all his then spirit brothers and sisters; that in Jehovah would there be found salvation, that He would come 'amongst us', being 'one of us' for the purpose of performing the atonement, being born of man through the seed of the covenant bearer to provide the saving ordinances of the gospel and the covenant of the power and priesthood thereof given Him of the Father as the 'anointed one' of the Father to so minister and administer in the Gospel of Salvation and Exaltation thereof.
 1a Abr. 2:6 (6, 8, 19); Abr. 3:11
   b Ex. 6:3 (2-3)
   c TG God, Power of;
      TG Jesus Christ, Power of
   d TG Walking with God
   e TG Integrity; TG Perfection
 2a TG Abrahamic Covenant
      BD Abraham, Covenant of

History of The Covenant 
The history of the Covenant began well before Abraham, for it was the promises and blessings of the fathers which Abraham had sought after according to the book of Abraham (Abraham 1:2-4). The fathers meaning from Adam on down. Thus the covenant had existed from the time of Adam and had come down from the fathers from the beginning of time. Now with reference to the 'beginning of time', this does mean from the beginning of the all the creation belonging to the second estate, that beginning referenced in Genesis chapter one verse one and that also mentioned by John in John 1:1-2. In other words from the beginning of time, from the start of the second estate, was the covenant had and made. And it was that very covenant which the Father of Spirits and Jehovah made with all of mankind pertaining to the plan of salvation, the very everlasting covenant of the priesthood and all that pertains there to. Thus the history of the covenant begin before the foundation of the world, having its beginning pertaining unto the children of God in the preexistant councils of heaven. And the history proceeded down through Adam, Enoch and Noah, the fathers, and thence to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. and even down through Joseph of Egypt and his posterity, including such as the Messiah (see Messiah ben David ~ Messiah ben Joseph) and even down to its latter day fulfillment through Joseph Smith and the posterity of Joseph, even Ephraim and Manasseh. And thus it did remain through Joseph as stated in the Doctrine and Covenants (D&C 27:10).
  3 aAnd Abram fell on his face: and God talked with him, saying,
  4 As for me, behold, my acovenant is with thee, and thou shalt be a bfather of many cnations.
  5 Neither shall thy name any more be called Abram, but thy name shall be aAbraham; for a father of many nations have I made thee.
 1a TG Time
   b Mosiah 4:2; Mormon 9:11
      D&C 14:9; D&C 76:24 (20-24);
      Moses 2:1; Abr. 4:1
   c HEB 'bara' shaped, fashioned,
      created; is used only and
      always divine, see Abr. 4:1,
      organized formed.
      TG Creation; TG God, Creator
   d D&C 121:4;
      Moses 1:37 (36-38);
      Moses 2:1; Abr. 4:1;
      TG Astronomy, Heaven
      TG Nature, Earth

  6 And I will make thee exceeding afruitful, and I will make bnations of thee, and ckings shall come out of thee.
  7 aAnd I will establish my bcovenant between me and thee and thy seed after thee in their generations for an ceverlasting covenant, to be a dGod unto thee, and to thy seed after thee.
  8 And I will agive unto thee, and to thy seed after thee, the bland wherein thou art a cstranger, all the dland of eCanaan, for an everlasting fpossession; and I will be their gGod.
  9 ¶ And God said unto Abraham, Thou shalt keep my covenant therefore, thou, and thy seed after thee in their generations.
  10 This is my acovenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee; Every man child among you shall be bcircumcised.
  11 And ye shall acircumcise the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a btoken of the ccovenant betwixt me and you.
  12 And he that is aeight days old shall be circumcised among you, every man child in your generations, he that is born in the house, or bbought with money of any stranger, which is not of thy seed.
  13 He that is born in thy house, and he that is bought with thy money, must needs be circumcised: and my covenant shall be in your flesh for an aeverlasting covenant.
  14 And the uncircumcised man child whose flesh of his foreskin is not circumcised, that soul shall be acut off from his people; he hath broken my covenant.
  15 ¶ And God said unto Abraham, As for Sarai thy wife, thou shalt not call her name Sarai, but aSarah shall her name be.
  16 And I will bless her, and agive thee a son also of her: yea, I will bless her, and she shall be a bmother of nations; kings of people shall be of her.
  17 Then Abraham fell upon his face, and alaughed, and said in his heart, Shall a child be born unto him that is an bhundred years old? and shall Sarah, that is ninety years old, bear?
  18 And Abraham said unto God, O that aIshmael might live before thee!
  19 And God said, aSarah thy wife shall bear thee a son indeed; and thou shalt call his name Isaac: and I will establish my bcovenant with him for an everlasting covenant, and with his seed after him.
  20 And as for aIshmael, I have heard thee: Behold, I have blessed him, and will make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly; btwelve princes shall he beget, and I will make him a great nation.
  21 But my acovenant will I establish with Isaac, which Sarah shall bear unto thee at this set btime in the next year.
  22 And he left off talking with him, and God went up from Abraham.
  23 ¶ And Abraham took Ishmael his son, and all that were born in his house, and all that were bought with his money, every male among the men of Abraham's house; and acircumcised the flesh of their foreskin in the selfsame day, as God had said unto him.
  24 And Abraham was ninety years old and nine, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.
  25 And Ishmael his son was thirteen years old, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.
  26 In the selfsame day was Abraham circumcised, and Ishmael his son.
  27 And all the men of his house, born in the house, and bought with money of the stranger, were circumcised with him.