Old Testament Commentary - Nehemiah 10

by Don R. Hender


Scriptural Text [& Editorial]
Commentary & Explanation
Footnotes ~ References ~ JST
                 CHAPTER 10                  

People covenant to marry in Israel, to honor the Sabbath, to pay tithes, and to keep the commandments.

  1 Now those that sealed were, Nehemiah, the aTirshatha, the son of Hachaliah, and Zidkijah,
  2 Seraiah, Azariah, Jeremiah,
  3 Pashur, Amariah, Malchijah,
  4 Hattush, Shebaniah, Malluch,
  5 Harim, Meremoth, Obadiah,
  6 Daniel, Ginnethon, Baruch,
  7 Meshullam, Abijah, Mijamin,
  8 Maaziah, Bilgai, Shemaiah: these were the priests.
 1a OR governor
  9 And the Levites: both Jeshua the son of Azaniah, Binnui of the sons of Henadad, Kadmiel;
  10 And their brethren, Shebaniah, Hodijah, Kelita, Pelaiah, Hanan,
  11 Micha, Rehob, Hashabiah,
  12 Zaccur, Sherebiah, Shebaniah,
  13 Hodijah, Bani, Beninu.
  14 The chief of the peoplea; Parosh, Pahath-moab, Elam, Zatthu, Bani,
  15 Bunni, Azgad, Bebai,
  16 Adonijah, Bigvai, Adin,
  17 Ater, Hizkijah, Azzur,
  18 Hodijah, Hashum, Bezai,
  19 Hariph, Anathoth, Nebai,
  20 Magpiash, Meshullam, Hezir,
  21 Meshezabeel, Zadok, Jaddua,
  22 Pelatiah, Hanan, Anaiah,
  23 Hoshea, Hananiah, Hashub,
  24 Hallohesh, Pileha, Shobek,
  25 Rehum, Hashabnah, Maaseiah,
  26 And Ahijah, Hanan, Anan,
  27 Malluch, Harim, Baanah.
 14a The chief of the people This would be the 'leaders' of the people, also known as the heads, rulers, elders, princes, etc. Or as I have learned to come to call them, the Sarim. And while those who write the commentaries will uses such alternative words as these, rulers, heads, princes, elders, etc., let me point the reader to a fuller possible understanding that these are those who would comprise the leaders and rulers of the people who would sit in the councils of judgment as in the days of Christ known as the Sanhedrin and in the days of Moses as the 70 elders of Israel. Though not a full 70 listed here my Nehemiah, there are various reasons why the number here are fewer, which I'll not attempt to give a fuller explanation for not knowing exactly why other than the full number of the judgment council would include others also which appear on other lists as well or even that at this juncture there was not a full quoram. Beyond that simple reasoning I go no further for not knowing exactly. But they would be those who meet under the guide of the High Priest to judge over the people. This would be that group of 'rulers' which King Zedekiah had such a hare time with dealing. And they would be that group whom Nephi would refer to by that collective 'they' being such as 'the Jews who sought Lehi's life', for none other than these ruling Jews would so undertake to judge and kill such as Lehi and/or further to put such as Jesus Christ on trial for his life as well. True it would be hoped that these would be good, honest, God fearing men, but in Christ's day they were the whited wall of hypocracy as they also were in the time of Jeremiah, Zedekiah and Lehi. Even Nehemiah had a turn with them as the 'rulers' in league with such as Tobiah.
  28 ¶ And the rest of the people, the priests, the Levites, the porters, the singers, the aNethinims, and all they that had bseparated themselves from the people of the lands unto the law of God, their wives, their sons, and their daughters, every one having cknowledge, and having understanding;
  29 They clave to their brethren, their nobles, and entered into aa bcurse, and into an coath, to walk in God's dlaw, which was given by Moses the servant of God, and to observe and do all the commandments of the LORD eour Lord, and his judgments and his statutes;
  30 And that we would not give our adaughters unto the people of the land, nor take their daughters for our sons:
  31 And if the people of the land bring aware or any bvictuals on the csabbath day to sell, that we would not buy it of them on the sabbath, or on the holy day: and that we would leave the dseventh year, and the exaction of every debt.
 28a OR temple servants
     b  Ezra 6:21
     c  Mosiah 18:26
 29a JST Neh. 10:29 ...an oath, that a
       curse should come upon them if
       they did not walk
...
     b  D&C 132:4; TG Curse
     c  Mosiah 18:10 (8-11)
     d  Ps. 119:106
     e  JST Neh. 10:29 ...their God...
 30a TG Marriage, Interfaith
 31a OR merchandise
     b  OR grain
     c  TG Sabbath
     d  TG Sabbatical Year

  32 Also we made ordinances for us, to acharge ourselves yearly with the third part of a shekel for the bservice of the house of our God;
  33 For the ashewbread, and for the continual bmeat offering, and for the continual burnt offering, of the sabbaths, of the new moons, for the set feasts, and for the holy things, and for the sin offerings to make an catonement for Israel, and for all the work of the house of our God.
 32a Ex. 30:13 (11-16)
     b  3 Ne. 24:8
 33a TG Bread Shewbread
     b  Num. 28:8 (1-8)
     c  Lev. 1:4; 2 Ne. 9:26

  34 And we acast the lots among the priests, the Levites, and the people, for the bwood offering, to bring it into the house of our God, after the houses of our fathers, at times appointed year by year, to burn upon the altar of the LORD our God, as it is written in the law:
  35 And to bring the afirstfruits of our ground, and the firstfruits of all fruit of all trees, year by year, unto the house of the LORD:
  36 Also the afirstborn of our sons, and of our cattle, as it is written in the law, and the firstlings of our herds and of our flocks, to bring to the house of our God, unto the priests that minister in the house of our God:
  37 And that we should bring the firstfruits of our adough, and our offerings, and the fruit of all manner of trees, of wine and of oil, unto the priests, to the chambers of the house of our God; and the tithes of our ground unto the Levites, that the same Levites might have the tithes in all the cities of our tillage.
 34a 1 Ne 3:11
     b  Gen. 22:3 (3,6-7,9); Neh. 13:31
 35a Ex. 22:29; Ex. 34:26; Ezek. 44:30
 36a TG Firstborn
 37a Lev. 23:17

  38 And the priest the son of Aaron shall be with the Levites, when the Levites take tithes: and the Levites shall bring up the atithe of the tithes unto the house of our God, to the chambers, into the treasure house.
  39 For the children of Israel and the children of Levi shall bring the offering of the corn, of the new wine, and the oil, unto the chambers, where are the vessels of the sanctuary, and the priests that minister, and the porters, and the singers: and we will not forsake the house of our God.
 38a TG Tithing